The chromosomes serve as the structure that holds the DNA. The DNA acts as a complete set of instructions that tells our bodies how to develop. Storing more data than any computer, each chromosome contains all the information needed to give you a base for your physical (and emotional) characteristics.
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Nonetheless, what is the relationship between DNA and chromosomes quizlet?
DNA contains the instructions, genes, to make proteins that tell what genetic traits the person will have. The DNA along with the proteins make up the chromosomes. The chromosomes are then passed on to the offspring, and with the DNA inside the chromosomes and translation of the genes, its traits are decided.
From everywhere, how are DNA Chromatin and chromosomes related? DNA is packaged into tightly wound structures called chromosomes. ... Each long string of DNA winds around structural protein spools called 'histones' to form a material called 'chromatin'. The chromatin further loops and coils to form the tightly condensed chromosome structure.
Therefore, do chromosomes make up DNA?
Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure. Chromosomes are not visible in the cell's nucleus—not even under a microscope—when the cell is not dividing. ... DNA and histone proteins are packaged into structures called chromosomes.
Is the DNA in each chromosome the same?
Though similar in basic appearance, different chromosomes vary slightly in size and shape. ... Different chromosomes contain different genes. That is, each chromosome contains a specific chunk of the genome.
18 Related Questions Answered
Which best describes the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes? Genes are segments of DNA which form tight coils called chromosomes.
Genes are sections of DNA on a chromosomes. Which of the following is true about the relationship among DNA, genes, and chromosomes? - Chromosomes and proteins make up genes, and genes make up DNA. ... The sequence of genes and proteins make up a chromosome.
The correct option is (a). Chromosomes are long thread-like structures present in the nucleus of a cell which contains hereditary information of the cell (genes). Genes are the part of a chromosome and made up of DNA. It controls the appearance of a set of hereditary characteristics.
A gene is a region of DNA that encodes function. A chromosome consists of a long strand of DNA containing many genes. A human chromosome can have up to 500 million base pairs of DNA with thousands of genes. The different nucleotides of our DNA sequences among all human beings form genes.
DNA is made of chemical building blocks called nucleotides. These building blocks are made of three parts: a phosphate group, a sugar group and one of four types of nitrogen bases. To form a strand of DNA, nucleotides are linked into chains, with the phosphate and sugar groups alternating.
The main role of DNA in the cell is the long-term storage of information. It is often compared to a blueprint, since it contains the instructions to construct other components of the cell, such as proteins and RNA molecules. ... To read the genetic code, cells make a copy of a stretch of DNA in the nucleic acid RNA.
RNA has great capability as a genetic molecule; it once had to carry on hereditary processes on its own. It now seems certain that RNA was the first molecule of heredity, so it evolved all the essential methods for storing and expressing genetic information before DNA came onto the scene.
One chromosome has 2 strands of DNA in a double helix. But the 2 DNA strands in chromosomes are very, very long. One strand of DNA can be very short - much shorter than even a small chromosome. Strands of DNA are made by joining together the 4 DNA bases in strings.
Before replication, one chromosome is composed of one DNA molecule. In replication, the DNA molecule is copied, and the two molecules are known as chromatids. During the later stages of cell division these chromatids separate longitudinally to become individual chromosomes.
Chromosomes and cell division After DNA replication, each chromosome now consists of two physically attached sister chromatids. ... The two copies of a chromosome are called sister chromatids. The sister chromatids are identical to one another and are attached to each other by proteins called cohesins.
Which of the following best describes the relationship between genes and traits? Both physical and psychological traits are usually determined by multiple genes.
Outcome of DNA replication is best describes by new DNA molecule consists of one new strand and one old strand of DNA.
The DNA code contains instructions needed to make the proteins and molecules essential for our growth, development and health. ... The cell reads the DNA code in groups of three bases. Each triplet of bases, also called a codon, specifies which amino acid? will be added next during protein synthesis.
DNA is tightly packed up to fit in the nucleus of every cell. ... Condensing DNA into chromosomes prevents DNA tangling and damage during cell division.
Each one of our cells contains 23 pairs of chromosomes; one of the chromosomes comes from our mother and the other from our father. Like a recipe book, each chromosome contains a certain number of recipes, known as 'genes'. Over 20'000 genes are recipes for proteins which are essential components of life.
Answer: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the cell's genetic material, contained in chromosomes within the cell nucleus and mitochondria. ... ... A gene is a segment of DNA that provides the code to construct a protein. The DNA molecule is a long, coiled double helix that resembles a spiral staircase.
A chromosome is made up of proteins and DNA organized into genes. Each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes.
The diploid human genome is thus composed of 46 DNA molecules of 24 distinct types. Because human chromosomes exist in pairs that are almost identical, only 3 billion nucleotide pairs (the haploid genome) need to be sequenced to gain complete information concerning a representative human genome.